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Wuchereria bancrofti
''Wuchereria bancrofti'' is a human parasitic roundworm that is the major cause of lymphatic filariasis. It is one of the three parasitic worms, besides ''Brugia malayi'' and ''B. timori'', that infect lymphatic system to cause lymphatic filariasis. These filarial worms are spread by a mosquito vector. ''W. bancrofti'' is the most prevalent among the three and affects over 120 million people, primarily in Central Africa and the Nile delta, South and Central America, and the tropical regions of Asia including southern China and the Pacific. If the infection is left untreated, it can develop into a chronic disease called elephantiasis.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nematodes.org/research/nematodes/fgn/pnb/wuchban.html )〕 In rare conditions it also causes tropical eosinophilia, an asthmatic disease. Limited treatment modalities exist and no vaccines have been developed.
==History==
The effects of ''W. bancrofti'' were documented early in ancient text. Ancient Greek and Roman writers noted the similarities between the enlarged limbs and cracked skin of infected individuals to that of elephants. Since then, this condition has been commonly known as elephantiasis. However, this is a misnomer, since elephantiasis literally translates to “a disease caused by elephants”.
''W. bancrofti'' was named after physician Otto Wucherer and parasitologist Joseph Bancroft, both of whom extensively studied filarial infections.
''W. bancrofti'' is speculated to have been brought to the New World by the slave trade. Once it was introduced to the New World, this filarial worm disease persisted throughout the areas surrounding Charleston, South Carolina until its sudden disappearance in the 1920s.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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